Friday, September 25, 2009

有孩子后税的问题

以下言论部分来自网上论坛,发表在此征求了原作者意见。

【1】第一个是child tax credit. 一个娃一千刀,娃需符合美国公民,是你得tax dependent, 17 岁以下。credit受AGI 限额递减,每超过限额1000刀递减50刀。 AGI 2008 limits are:

Married filing jointly – $110,000.

Single, head of household, or qualifying widow(er) – $75,000.

Married filing separately – $55,000.

http://www.irs.gov/publications/p972/index.html


【2】第二个是child and dependent care credit

这个credit 是based on qualfied child and dependent care expenses 计算的。你必须发生这些费用才能claim 这个credit,限额是35% of qualfied expenses, 并随收入的限额递减。具体看这里:

http://www.irs.gov/newsroom/article/0,,id=106189,00.html

注意,如果你投了钱在FSA (child and dependent care)里, 这些前必须要减少可以用来计算这个credit的qualfied expenses。 也就是说,不能double dip. 就是上面的连接里头的第9条:

The qualifying expenses must be reduced by the amount of any dependent care benefits provided by your employer that you exclude from your income.


【3】第三个就是child and dependent care expenses. 如果你的雇主没有提供这个税钱抵扣的FSA account,你自己用税后的钱付这些qualifed expenses, 你可以(1)calim deducition (2) 或者claim child and dependent care credit, 看那个更划算,但是不能同时claim both.

至于什么是qualfied expenses, 上面的link 提供的publication 里有详细说明。简单说就是当你在工作,或者积极寻找工作的时候发生的照顾孩子的费用, 比如daycare, babysitting, housekeeping and nursery, after school, 送娃上学的费用(如果娃还没有上一年级)


要比较【2】还是【3】划算,下面这个链接不错:

http://www.benicomp.com/fsa/dependent_care_vs_tax_credit.html

Big catch:

【2】和【3】都要求married file jointly才可以用。譬如一对夫妻,税前收入丈夫8万,妻子5万,他们如果married file separately, 妻子claim孩子,那可以拿到所有的【1】;他们如果一起报税,拿不到一分【1】。但是如果分开报税,那就拿不到【2】或者【3】了,算他们marginal tax rate = 20%,那就是5k*20%=1k。所以一个孩子的话,鉴于一起报税有其他好处,还是一起报税划算。两个孩子的话,应该就是分开报税划算了。

1 comment:

  1. 税法最近又关闭了一个loophole。married file separately小孩必须跟收入较高的那个!

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